黨史百年天天讀 · 3月16日
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重要論述
1940年3月16日
毛澤東(dong)復(fu)電彭(peng)德懷。復(fu)電指(zhi)出:我(wo)(wo)(wo)軍將來(lai)出路,實在(zai)中原,此時不(bu)(bu)爭,將來(lai)更難了。故提議調(diao)三四(si)四(si)旅至隴海、淮河之間,協助彭(peng)雪楓(feng)創(chuang)立(li)根據地(di),并策應胡服,將來(lai)再(zai)調(diao)一部深入蘇(su)北,使八路軍、新(xin)四(si)軍打(da)成(cheng)一片(pian)。這種行(xing)動,也即是把(ba)一個新(xin)問題(ti)擺在(zai)東(dong)邊,使蔣(jiang)介石、衛(wei)立(li)煌(huang)注意(yi)力不(bu)(bu)得(de)不(bu)(bu)轉向東(dong)邊,減輕其(qi)對(dui)華北的注意(yi),華北方能確實鞏固。目前華北斗爭,在(zai)軍事(shi)上必(bi)須(xu)立(li)即剎住,轉為守勢,彼軍進(jin)迫,我(wo)(wo)(wo)軍后退,一槍不(bu)(bu)打(da),服從命令,才(cai)能造成(cheng)政(zheng)治上有(you)理有(you)利(li)地(di)位。如彼再(zai)三再(zai)四(si)進(jin)迫不(bu)(bu)已(yi),然(ran)后我(wo)(wo)(wo)軍加以還擊,其(qi)曲在(zai)彼,否則政(zheng)治上對(dui)我(wo)(wo)(wo)甚為不(bu)(bu)利(li)。這封電報(bao)收入《毛澤東(dong)文集》第二卷。
1943年3月16日
毛澤(ze)東(dong)在(zai)(zai)中(zhong)(zhong)共中(zhong)(zhong)央政(zheng)(zheng)治局會議上(shang)講話。談(tan)到(dao)時(shi)局問(wen)題時(shi)指(zhi)(zhi)出(chu):日(ri)本最(zui)近(jin)從滿洲調兵入關,對華采取(qu)攻(gong)勢(shi)(shi)。最(zui)近(jin)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)民(min)(min)(min)(min)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)電臺與(yu)(yu)延安聯(lian)絡,這(zhe)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)共關系好轉(zhuan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)表示。總(zong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)估計:日(ri)本是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)扶汪打(da)蔣的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)方(fang)針。國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)民(min)(min)(min)(min)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)在(zai)(zai)日(ri)本進攻(gong)下,外援不至,要(yao)(yao)求內(nei)(nei)援。國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)共關系有(you)好轉(zhuan)可能。中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)抗戰有(you)打(da)七八年的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)可能。我(wo)們(men)(men)仍(reng)要(yao)(yao)堅持兩年到(dao)兩年半。整(zheng)個(ge)世(shi)界形勢(shi)(shi)和歷(li)史的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)發展對國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)民(min)(min)(min)(min)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)不利,而對我(wo)們(men)(men)有(you)利,但要(yao)(yao)有(you)真正的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)馬(ma)列主(zhu)義才(cai)能戰勝(sheng)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)民(min)(min)(min)(min)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)。談(tan)到(dao)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)方(fang)針時(shi)指(zhi)(zhi)出(chu):中(zhong)(zhong)央的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)方(fang)針,是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)研(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)與(yu)(yu)指(zhi)(zhi)導(dao),要(yao)(yao)達到(dao)保(bao)存骨(gu)(gu)干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)、準(zhun)備(bei)將來之目的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)。在(zai)(zai)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)際問(wen)題研(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)上(shang),主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)研(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)英、美、蘇、德、意、日(ri)六(liu)大國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)政(zheng)(zheng)治、軍(jun)事(shi)、經(jing)濟(ji)三大項,去年對日(ri)本的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)最(zui)有(you)成績。在(zai)(zai)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)內(nei)(nei)問(wen)題研(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)上(shang),國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)民(min)(min)(min)(min)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)統治區,主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)研(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)它的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)政(zheng)(zheng)治、軍(jun)事(shi)、經(jing)濟(ji)、文化。根據地,研(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)政(zheng)(zheng)治、軍(jun)事(shi)、經(jing)濟(ji)、文教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)。政(zheng)(zheng)治主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)政(zheng)(zheng)權,軍(jun)事(shi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)軍(jun)事(shi)建(jian)設、民(min)(min)(min)(min)兵建(jian)設,經(jing)濟(ji)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)公(gong)營經(jing)濟(ji)與(yu)(yu)民(min)(min)(min)(min)營經(jing)濟(ji)。研(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)歷(li)史,包括中(zhong)(zhong)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)近(jin)百年歷(li)史的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)研(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)、中(zhong)(zhong)共黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)史研(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)(jiu)。又指(zhi)(zhi)出(chu):對干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)要(yao)(yao)保(bao)存他教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)他。教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)包括業務(wu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)和理論(lun)、思想(xiang)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu),后(hou)一(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)今年要(yao)(yao)繼續努力。中(zhong)(zhong)央直(zhi)屬機關干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)要(yao)(yao)進行理論(lun)、思想(xiang)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu),讀(du)馬(ma)、恩、列、斯的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)四十本書。干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)各種(zhong)(zhong)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)中(zhong)(zhong)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)整(zheng)風教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)與(yu)(yu)思想(xiang)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu),在(zai)(zai)各種(zhong)(zhong)干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)中(zhong)(zhong)主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)高(gao)級干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)。要(yao)(yao)重(zhong)視報(bao)紙(zhi)、電報(bao)、黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)務(wu)廣播、口頭報(bao)告等方(fang)式(shi)開(kai)(kai)展工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)。報(bao)紙(zhi)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)很重(zhong)要(yao)(yao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)方(fang)式(shi)。中(zhong)(zhong)央同志要(yao)(yao)善于(yu)利用報(bao)紙(zhi),要(yao)(yao)有(you)一(yi)(yi)(yi)半的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)時(shi)間用在(zai)(zai)報(bao)紙(zhi)上(shang)。馬(ma)克(ke)思主(zhu)義的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)靈魂(本質),是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)具體地分析具體問(wen)題。黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)務(wu)廣播,是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)內(nei)(nei)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)一(yi)(yi)(yi)種(zhong)(zhong)方(fang)式(shi)。我(wo)們(men)(men)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)領(ling)導(dao)要(yao)(yao)聯(lian)系群(qun)眾(zhong)。方(fang)法是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)要(yao)(yao)從下層總(zong)結經(jing)驗,然后(hou)再加以指(zhi)(zhi)導(dao),就是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)從群(qun)眾(zhong)中(zhong)(zhong)來,到(dao)群(qun)眾(zhong)中(zhong)(zhong)去,或者說集(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)起來,堅持下去。唯一(yi)(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)來源、唯一(yi)(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)出(chu)路是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)群(qun)眾(zhong)。談(tan)到(dao)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)任(ren)(ren)(ren)務(wu)時(shi)指(zhi)(zhi)出(chu):中(zhong)(zhong)央機關的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)任(ren)(ren)(ren)務(wu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)工(gong)(gong)作(zuo)(zuo)、生(sheng)產(chan)與(yu)(yu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu);前方(fang)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)戰爭、生(sheng)產(chan)與(yu)(yu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu);后(hou)方(fang)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)生(sheng)產(chan)與(yu)(yu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)。這(zhe)種(zhong)(zhong)方(fang)針要(yao)(yao)向全體同志說明。公(gong)開(kai)(kai)說克(ke)服困難(nan),迎(ying)接光(guang)明,但在(zai)(zai)我(wo)黨(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)(dang)高(gao)級干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)中(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)(yao)說明保(bao)存骨(gu)(gu)干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan),積蓄力量。為了保(bao)存骨(gu)(gu)干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan),必須堅決實(shi)行精(jing)簡政(zheng)(zheng)策,反對敵(di)人(ren)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)“蠶(can)食”政(zheng)(zheng)策。這(zhe)就是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)戰爭的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)任(ren)(ren)(ren)務(wu),這(zhe)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)第(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi)個(ge)任(ren)(ren)(ren)務(wu)。第(di)二(er)就是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)與(yu)(yu)國(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)(guo)民(min)(min)(min)(min)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)。干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)第(di)一(yi)(yi)(yi),中(zhong)(zhong)央對干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan)部(bu)(bu)(bu)(bu)教(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)(jiao)育(yu)(yu)(yu)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)決定要(yao)(yao)切實(shi)實(shi)行。第(di)三就是(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)生(sheng)產(chan)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)任(ren)(ren)(ren)務(wu)。用這(zhe)些(xie)方(fang)法來達到(dao)保(bao)存骨(gu)(gu)干(gan)(gan)(gan)(gan),準(zhun)備(bei)將來。
1946年3月16日
由(you)劉少奇起(qi)草(cao)經(jing)毛澤東修改的(de)(de)中共(gong)中央致中共(gong)代表團電指(zhi)出:國民(min)黨(dang)想采用迂回辦(ban)法首先推翻憲(xian)(xian)草(cao)原(yuan)則(ze),成(cheng)(cheng)立(li)獨裁政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu),則(ze)國大(da)改組、政(zheng)(zheng)府(fu)綱領、整軍等決議勢必成(cheng)(cheng)為具文,對(dui)(dui)此必須十分警惕。應即(ji)強調(diao)政(zheng)(zheng)協(xie)決議每一條(tiao)每一句(ju)均(jun)必須實現,對(dui)(dui)修改憲(xian)(xian)草(cao)原(yuan)則(ze)及其他(ta)決議的(de)(de)任(ren)何主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)張,均(jun)必須予以痛駁,并(bing)要他(ta)們遵守信義。在堅持實現政(zheng)(zheng)協(xie)決議、反對(dui)(dui)修改憲(xian)(xian)草(cao)原(yuan)則(ze)的(de)(de)斗爭(zheng)中,不要害怕(pa)破裂(lie)。最近時期(qi)一切事實證明,蔣介石反蘇反共(gong)反民(min)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)反動方針一時不會改變(bian)。只有經(jing)過嚴重斗爭(zheng),使其知難而退,才有作某(mou)些較有利于民(min)主(zhu)(zhu)(zhu)的(de)(de)妥協(xie)之可能(neng)。
1960年3月16日
毛澤東為(wei)中(zhong)共中(zhong)央起草關(guan)于衛(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)工(gong)作指示。指示指出:環境衛(wei)生(sheng)(sheng),極(ji)為(wei)重要,一(yi)定要使(shi)居民養成(cheng)衛(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)習慣,以(yi)衛(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)為(wei)光榮,以(yi)不衛(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)為(wei)恥辱。衛(wei)生(sheng)(sheng)工(gong)作之所以(yi)重要,是(shi)因為(wei)有利于生(sheng)(sheng)產,有利于工(gong)作,有利于學習,有利于改(gai)造我國人民低(di)弱的體質,使(shi)身體康強,環境清潔。現在,還有很多人不懂(dong)這個移(yi)風易(yi)俗、改(gai)造世界的意義(yi)。因此必須大張旗鼓,大做宣傳(chuan),使(shi)得家(jia)喻戶曉,人人動(dong)作起來。做這件事,并沒有什(shen)么了不得的困難,事在人為(wei),一(yi)定要爭取在三年內做出大成(cheng)績,今(jin)年要轟(hong)轟(hong)烈(lie)烈(lie)地行動(dong)起來。
黨史回眸
1943年
3月16日(ri)(ri)、20日(ri)(ri) 中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央政治局(ju)召開會(hui)議,討論(lun)調整及精(jing)簡中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央領(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)機構(gou)、加(jia)強中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央的(de)(de)集(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)統一(yi)領(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)等問(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)。任(ren)弼時(shi)在會(hui)上報告中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央機構(gou)調整及精(jing)簡草案。會(hui)議決定(ding):毛(mao)澤東(dong)為中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央政治局(ju)主席和中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央書記(ji)處(chu)主席;毛(mao)澤東(dong)、劉少奇、任(ren)弼時(shi)組(zu)成中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央書記(ji)處(chu),根據政治局(ju)決定(ding)的(de)(de)方(fang)針(zhen)處(chu)理日(ri)(ri)常(chang)工(gong)作(zuo),中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央書記(ji)處(chu)討論(lun)的(de)(de)問(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti),主席有最后決定(ding)權(quan);劉少奇參加(jia)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)共(gong)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央軍委并任(ren)軍委副主席。毛(mao)澤東(dong)在十六日(ri)(ri)的(de)(de)會(hui)議上作(zuo)關于(yu)(yu)時(shi)局(ju)與(yu)方(fang)針(zhen)問(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti)的(de)(de)報告。關于(yu)(yu)時(shi)局(ju)問(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti),指(zhi)出:德國是今(jin)年(nian)(nian)或(huo)明年(nian)(nian)被打敗,第(di)二(er)條(tiao)戰(zhan)(zhan)線今(jin)年(nian)(nian)能(neng)(neng)否(fou)建立,現在還(huan)不能(neng)(neng)確定(ding)。鑒(jian)于(yu)(yu)日(ri)(ri)本的(de)(de)進(jin)攻,國共(gong)關系(xi)有好(hao)轉可能(neng)(neng)。中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)國抗戰(zhan)(zhan)有打七八年(nian)(nian)的(de)(de)可能(neng)(neng),我們還(huan)要(yao)堅(jian)持兩年(nian)(nian)到(dao)兩年(nian)(nian)半。關于(yu)(yu)工(gong)作(zuo)方(fang)針(zhen)問(wen)題(ti)(ti)(ti),指(zhi)出:今(jin)年(nian)(nian)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)央工(gong)作(zuo)總(zong)方(fang)針(zhen)是要(yao)從研究與(yu)指(zhi)導(dao)(dao)兩方(fang)面來(lai)達(da)到(dao)保(bao)存骨干、準備將來(lai)的(de)(de)目(mu)的(de)(de)。方(fang)針(zhen)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)還(huan)要(yao)增加(jia)我們的(de)(de)領(ling)(ling)導(dao)(dao)要(yao)聯系(xi)群(qun)(qun)眾一(yi)條(tiao)。方(fang)法是要(yao)從下層總(zong)結經驗,然后再加(jia)以指(zhi)導(dao)(dao),就是從群(qun)(qun)眾中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)來(lai),到(dao)群(qun)(qun)眾中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)去,或(huo)者說集(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)起來(lai),堅(jian)持下去。
2007年
3月(yue)16日(ri) 十屆全(quan)國人大(da)五(wu)次(ci)會(hui)議通(tong)過《中華人民(min)共(gong)和(he)國物權法(fa)》和(he)《中華人民(min)共(gong)和(he)國企業(ye)所得稅法(fa)》。
歷史瞬間
1935年(nian)3月16日至17日,紅一方面軍三(san)渡赤水的渡口之一——茅臺渡口。